Islam grants women a distinguished status and consistently strives to honor their position. All its commands and prohibitions ultimately aim to cultivate and reinforce the identity of women and to safeguard their dignity. Observing modesty (‘iffah) and hijab is one of the emphatic injunctions in Islam, playing a fundamental role in shaping the identity of Muslim women. This study, conducted using a descriptive–analytical method and drawing upon library-based research, concludes that modesty and hijab significantly influence the formation of Muslim women’s personal identity by shaping values, goals, and traits such as chastity, purity, self-restraint, piety, dignity, composure, and self-confidence.Furthermore, a woman’s familial identity is manifested in her roles as a wife and mother, in which modesty and hijab play a crucial role in constructing and sustaining these identities within the family structure. In the social sphere as well, modesty and hijab—by providing a sphere of protection and dignity—play an irreplaceable role in shaping the social identity of Muslim women.